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Immunity
TNF-α and IL-1β Do Not Induce Langerhans Cell Migration by Inhibiting TGFβ Activation
In the skin, Langerhans cells (LCs) require autocrine latent TGFβ that is transactivated by the integrins ανβ6 and ανβ8 expressed by keratinocytes (KCs) for long-term epidermal retention. Selective expression of a ligand-independent, constitutively active form of TGFβR1 inhibits LC migration during homeostasis and in response to UVB exposure. In this study, we found that LC migration in response to inflammatory stimuli was also inhibited by ligand-independent TGFβR1 signaling. Contrary to UVB stimulation, which reduced KC expression of ανβ6, in vitro and in vivo exposure to TNF-α or IL-1β increased ανβ6 transcript and protein expression by KCs.
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